This is a fatty insoluble molecule (sterol) which is widely found in the body and is synthesized from saturated fatty acids in the liver. It is an important substance in the body, being a component of cell membranes and a precursor to the production of steroid hormones (sex hormones and bile salts). An elevated level of blood cholesterol is associated with atheroma (a degenerative condition of the arteries) which may result in high blood pressure and coronary thrombosis. It is also seen in diabetes mellitus.

It is generally recommended to reduce the consumption of saturated fats and restrict the use of unsaturated fats to a bare minimum.